Build
the State's Budget Reserves to a Responsible Level
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Minnesota's Council of Economic Advisors has long recommended
that the state maintain reserves equal to 5% of the state's general
fund biennial budget. Currently, the state has $653 million
in the Budget Reserve and an additional $350 million in the Cash
Flow Account. Together, this adds up to just over $1 billion in
reserves, or only about 3% of the state's general fund biennial
budget. To meet the Council's recommendations, the state would need
a total of $1.7 billion in reserves for the FY 2008-09 biennium.
A healthy level of reserves allows policymakers time to
make good budget decisions in the face of challenging economic circumstances.
Instead of making quick and drastic choices to balance the state's
budget, policymakers can use reserves to buy time to respond to
the situation in a more thoughtful and deliberative way. Time to
consider the consequences of making cuts to services at a point
when they may be most needed, or time to consider the impact of
raising additional revenues.
Minnesota no longer benefits from the variety of fund balances
- including the $1 billion Tobacco Endowment - that were
available to help balance the budget the last time the
state faced a large, unexpected deficit. During the next fiscal
downturn, the state will require a more substantial level of reserves
in order to avoid rash decisions that could be detrimental to the
well-being of Minnesotans and the long-term economic health of the
state.
Maintaining a healthy level of reserves, as well as enacting a
plan for rebuilding them following a deficit, is an indication of
well-managed government. National rating agencies take this
into consideration when determining a state's bond rating. High
bond ratings allow the state to borrow funds to build roads and
other infrastructure at a lower cost. In 1997, Minnesota achieved
the highest rating from all three national rating agencies. But
our rating from one agency - Moody's - fell slightly following the
budget-balancing choices made in 2003. Building and preserving our
reserves can help our state regain and maintain our ratings in the
future.
Our Recommendation:
The Minnesota Budget Project recommends incrementally building
the size of the state's budget reserves to a responsible level by
enacting a plan to make it a priority for the state to build stronger
reserves during good economic times and rebuild reserves after a
fiscal downturn. Enacting this recommendation would:
- Encourage responsible fiscal management by incrementally building
the state's reserves.
- Build stability into the process of rebuilding
reserves after an economic downturn.
- Maintain flexibility by preserving
legislative authority to use funds as they see necessary.
Similar
to the proposal included in the Governor's budget, the Minnesota
Budget Project recommends that the state should automatically divert
a portion of any one-time state budget surpluses to a reserve account
until the state's reserves reach a predetermined level.
January 2007
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